Arhive: #4 2009
NATIONAL PROJECTS
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In the article coordinate together technical advance and economic indicators of agricultural enterprise. Justified, that lowering equipment branch crop production and cattle breeding result in considerable loss productiveness and rise expense. Necessity cost cutout determine application more high-performance machine and state-of-the-art technology on output of products agricultural industry. Underline practicability of active state support grower of agricultural produce agricultural commodities inclusive of securing social setting conditions of life man agricultural enterprise.
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In article the problem of formation of a regional family, youth policy is considered, necessity of regulation of processes of reproduction of the population, especially, in the conditions of the proceeding demographic crisis assuming presence of is standard-legal base, corresponding to the decision of problems of demographic development of region is proved. Results of the spent sociological interrogations on problems of family-marriage, reproductive behaviour of youth, and also the relation of the population of younger age groups to the state measures, the young families directed on support, birth rate increase are analyzed. The series of measures for increase family-marriage, reproductive, socio-labor activity of the population and, first of all, youth is offered.
THE REGION'S FINANCES
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In article is investigated practice of budgetary regulation of the tax to incomes of physical persons in foreign countries and in the Russian Federation. In article authors have given special attention to fiscal function of the tax, a problem interbudgetary from-carrying and to formation of independence of budgets of municipalities of Russia. Authors investigated practice of application of the tax to incomes of physical persons in Perm region: features of budgetary regulation, the leading part in formation of incomes of the territory, developed practice of a collecting of the tax in region. All-foreign studying of a role of the tax to incomes of physical persons, has allowed authors to prove a technique of budgetary regulation in the region, based on possibility of replacement of grants from alignment funds additional individual specifications of deductions in local budgets. Authors have calculated specifications deductions from the tax to incomes of the physical persons, allowing to solve a problem of grants to municipal budgets of budgetary system of the Perm region.
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Author Neucheva M.Yu.,Functioning characteristics and possibility of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) using as an instrument of regional antirecessionary politics, particularly as equalization policy of Russian region’s social-economy development are considered in the article. Significance of SEZs for forming of national innovation system in recession’s conditions is viewed.
INVESTMENT AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF REGION
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In this article there were examined the tendencies of investment market development of The Russian Federation and The Ural Federal District, were recognized the characteristics of investment region development, and also common features, characterized the one-orientation of regional and national investment market development.
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The article has considered the influence of the investment climate of the municipalities to create the quality of human resources. The main indicators which characterize the degree of attraction of the investment of the local area is selected. The main attention is given to the analysis of the investment climate of Balakovo municipality (Saratov region) on formation the qualitative descriptions of the population constantly living on its territory.
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Author Mamutov V.K.,The whole system of economy regulation, all the institutes of economic law, especially those which regulate investment activity should promote innovative activities. The economic policy and legislation that provides it should be stable enough. It is expedient to use special legal constructions and regimes aimed at encouraging investments and innovations. The problems of legal support to innovative activities can not be solved by using the so called private-law (civilistic) approach propagated by some layers. This approach is not effective when using new juridical constructions adequate to modern economy and doesn’t promote their formation and application.
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The analysis of modern problems is carried out and directions of development of a rural labour are proved, special attention is being paid to a female labour. Practical recommendations for modernizing labour and employment management in agriculture are suggested. Trends of state and municipal support of female employment in small business are considered, and methods of estimating efficiency of measures of small business maintenance in countryside are suggested.
SOCIOECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF THE REGIONS
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With the help of specially developed algorithm of the system analysis in article laws of structural mutual relations in social and economic system of the Chelyabinsk region are considered. It is established, that the importance of points of growth of economy of region in 1995-2006 was reduced according to the circuit: «coal mining» «release of road technics» «release of tractors» «an area under crops under commercial crops» … «densities of budgetary investments into a fixed capital». Allocation of priority directions has allowed to create and concentrate attention to those models of management of economic processes which, first of all, provide achievement of objects in view.
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For the purpose of definition of priority directions of the policy directed on maintenance of steady social and economic development of region, the comparative analysis of life quality of the population on the basis of components of an index of human development in region of the Ural Federal district is carried out, and also the prognostic scenarios of dynamics HDI in the Tyumen region are calculated.
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In the article generalization of theoretical approaches to motivation and the wage is presented, shown that in a basis of formation of modern salary systems the updated vision of the worker should be necessary as main element of the organization, principal view of its resources by means of which development the organization can reach more effective results of the is industrial-economic activities.
INTER-BRANCH AND BRANCH-WISE SYSTEMS
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The article contains an authors’ definition specifying the notion of “economic potential” in view of marketing principles and strategic management. The authors specificate element-by-element structure of a branch’s economic potential. Furthermore, the authors give new substance to the concept of “strategic monitoring”. The authors also introduce a model of a branch’s development management based on the approach of strategic monitoring and develop tools of quantitative estimation of economic potential. Within the framework of the model and by means of the authors’ tools the machine-building complex of the Sverdlovsk Region is investigated and the efficiency of realization of its potential is evaluated.
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Author Rodionova I.A.,The article is characterized a position of Russia on a current industry world map and the structural shifts in Russian industry. Industrial production was the most important sector of the Russian economy throughout the whole XX century, and, no doubt, will remain so in the near future, notwithstanding of the fact that the perestroika had a great negative impact on the sector and now it also goes through tough times in conditions of the global financial crisis. Development of an industrial sector provides the stability of social and economic development, determines the country’s position in the world economy.
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The article compares Russian, European, American and Japan models of international industrial cooperation, describes features of Russian model. On the basis of analysis of international cooperation projects of Russian machine-building enterprises and foreign experience in the article is proposed mechanism of realization of international cooperation projects, which allows to increase efficiency of participation of Russian enterprises in the process of international industrial cooperation.
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The problems of regional industrial complex development on the basis of cluster approach are observed in the article. The methodics of estimation of regional industrial complex development is carried out, which enables to study it as the mediation system of specific, territorial and scientific-innovation functioning aspects. The authors' typology of regional industrial clusters is described, where priorities for study are marked. The authors' approach of methodical explanation of industrial clusters priorities forming as the basic elements of regional industrial complex development is represented. Business models of different types functioning clusters are shown.
NATURAL-RESOURCES POTENTIAL OF THE REGION
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Socio-economic development, geopolitical position and role of Russia in world community at present and in long-term outlook are mostly determined by its mineral-raw resources potential and state strategy for its developing on federal and regional levels. Potential value of reserves of resources allows to consider mineral-raw complex as the resource base of the state, creating basic conditions for performing structural reforms and modernization of the economy, providing rapid growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and increasing common weal. At the same time export mineral trend without means of influence on world and regional markets increases dangerous dependence of regions which are rich in different resources and country on the whole from external current situation, decreases the possibility of integrated development of own high-tech processing productions.
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This article includes the analysis of a role of process of extraction and processing of the natural resources, mastered in territory of region on socio-economic development of the Arkhangelsk region. Features of dynamics of density of kinds of natural resources on indicators and spheres of influence are revealed. Also in this paper prospect of development and an opportunity of increase of a role of environmental management in socio-economic development of the Arkhangelsk region are considered.
ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF REGION
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In modern market conditions ecological marketing becomes more significant for formation and realization of functions of an ecological policy of the industrial enterprise. It is caused by increasing responsibility of manufacturers before consumers and society. In this article authors consider a role of ecological marketing, and also the factors influence forming and developing in the general administrative structure of the enterprise. Distinctions between principles of the general and ecological marketing, and also features of ecological marketing in the enterprise general system of marketing concepts are highlighted in this article. Here is specified the role of ecological marketing in reproduction process.
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In the article authors reveal regional aspect of the problem of influence the ecological factor on investment appeal. This allows considering from the point of ecological and economic security. The choice of the type of investment policy in different scenarios of social-economic development of the region.
ECONOMIC SECURITY OF REGION
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The system of indicators of the economic security is described at research of questions of energy security of Republic Moldova in the article. Results of monitoring of indicators and also a final estimation of the level of economic security (preliminary) are resulted.
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The article deals with defining of threats to the economic safety of Stavropol region in food, manufacturing, infrastructural, financial, social and innovative industries of the region. Among these threats besides those relating to the Russian Federation on the whole there are also specific regional threats. They are: extremis; resource depletion; uncivilized redistribution of property; the reduction of tax potential; the destruction of the regional agro-industrial sector; the depletion of agricultural (arable) land; the low level of competitiveness of processing industries; the breakdown of social welfare in rural areas; the price and tariff increases exceeding the population income growth; the increasing differentiation of population income and its poverty level; the high level of unemployment; the decline in material and technical and financial opportunities of businesses in procedure implementation and innovation mastering; the drain on workers from the region and the dismantling of sector research; the drop in all kinds of financing; the decline of research and development activities efficiency; regular lowering of domestic innovative markets; the low level of innovative infrastructure development; the availability of high investment risks; low effectiveness of carried out scientific and technological programmers and projects.
MODERN TOOLS OF ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES
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Author Ogloblin A.A.,In the article is presented evolution of methods of forecasting of social and economic development of region on an example of strategic documents of Sverdlovsk region. The methodical approach to forecasting of social and economic development of the region, based on a dependence establishment between price indexes on the basic production of region, industrial production indexes, incomes of the consolidated budget and a total regional product is proved. Applicability of the this approach on an example of economy of Sverdlovsk region in 2008-2009 is proved. Restrictions of applicability of the this method of forecasting àre presented.
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The narcotization prevalence in Russia as whole and its regions is described. In order to provide the adequate models the clusters of regions on the level of their economic development are defined. For every group the regression model of drug addiction social distress is constructed. Modeling results allow to find the features of regions and the most significant factors determining the drug addiction prevalence.
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A methodological approach to the analysis of the economic category "merited labour", in which the employee is considered as a subject and an object of work at once is worked out, method of calculation of the integral index of merited labour in the subjects of Russia in the dynamics and in the context of industries and municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region is justified. Ratings of integral indicators of quality of life in terms of "merited labour" program are composed. Integral indices and ratings of decent work in the RF subjects and municipalities of the Sverdlovsk region are calculated and analyzed. The practical significance of the work consists in the possibility of use in forming the monitoring of social and labor sphere of the region taking into account regional specificity, and in application of the integral index of merited labour allowing to give a qualitative description of the social and labor sphere of the region and estimate the effectiveness of policies of executive power in this area.
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Author Sadov S.L.,In this paper the existence of two equally main groups of the uncertainty of data (economical and geological) factors are fixed. The choice’s procedure of the mostly effective variants of the region’s hydrocarbon resources usage is offered. It based on the combinatorial-probabilistic technique of the economic evaluation and gas and oil usage movement choice, added by geologic-mathematical methods. The forecast of the gas and oil output in the Komi Republic after 2020 based on the unexplored resources are given.
OPINIONS AND ASSESSMENTS
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THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE REGIONAL SHADOW ECONOMYThe influence of socio-economic consequences of world economic crisis on the regional shadow economy was studied in this article. As a result the economy-mathematical model of the regional shadow economy in the conditions of the world economic crisis was developed. The offered model was used for forecasting of a shadow activity dynamic under the influence of crisis tendencies in the economy.
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In the course of transition to management of results most sharply there are problems of complex monitoring of use of resources and the reached results within the limits of all budgetary cycle. In this article the methodology of an estimation of budgetary potential of effectiveness of realized programs is offered.
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Author Kolosova E.I.,In this close there were considered problems of functioning of the processing and food enterprises the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), indicators in the economy of the region play a considerable role in maintenance of the population of republic with a local foodstuff. In market conditions the local production not completely meets the requirements of the quality standard. The enterprises overworking and the food-processing industry require a manufacture innovation, updating and modernization of the process equipment and capacities.
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Author Cherepanova A.V.,The basic problems of current socio-demographic development of regions in Russia are considered raising the need to formulate and solve the task of maintaining its efficiency. The definition of “effective socio-demographic territory development” concept is suggested and given is the mechanism of its maintenance under conditions of second demographic transition from the systematic approach point of view. The estimation method of how successfully the demographic policy is being carried out in the region is suggested in the framework of the abovementioned mechanism. This method has been approved by the Ural federal district territories.
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In the article suggests the integral methods for estimation of population’s living standards in Northwest Federal District subjects. It allows to determine indexes which require additional stimulation in order to improve overall condition of the issue under investigation. According to calculated and assigned indexes it is constructed cartographic diagrams and classification of Northwest Federal District subjects. It is given a comparative evaluation of living standards and quality of life indexes. It determines the incidence of living standards on its qualitative characteristics.
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Author Davydova N.C.,The problems of structural changes in the industrialized region on the example of the Udmurt Republic. We show that structural changes have taken place were not the result of deliberate policy, but the its was the objective consequence of structural and technological asymmetries. A need for large-scale structural changes in the industry. We show that the restructuring is the instrument through which the productive complex may be an adequate response to changing external and internal conditions. Formulated the concept of restructuring of the industry in crisis, including the creation of special economic zones, clusters, technology parks. Criteria of structural adjustment and structural priorities in accordance with certain criteria.
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There are the results of the research, directed on revealing of conditions of steady regional development and specification on this basis of the general principles of formation of regional anti-recessionary programs, presented. The synergetic analysis and social and economic modeling were as a methodical basis of the presented work of steel.