Motives of improving public regulation influence to socio-economic and social processes, increasing quality and effectiveness of public (PR) and market (MR) regulators, their optimal and flexible cooperation were examined in the article. The essence and content of public-legal regulators (PLR) in the sustainable and balanced development of territories, regions and country as a whole was reviewed. The PLR was classified by criteria of the “scale” of their regulation influence, regulation methods and consequences. Special attention was paid to the quality of PLR of federal and intergovernmental relations at the regional and municipal levels. Recommendations to improve the effectiveness of public and market regulators in regional and territorial development were suggested.

The perfection of a system of local self-management and the transition to effective development of territories of municipal formations assumes specification of principles and methods of measures’ realization. In the work, the analysis of the reasons restraining the development of local self-management through the development of the relations of a civil society is carried out, the approaches to the development of the successful model of development of municipalities are offered, the role of a program method of the budgets is shown, the initial principles of a substantiation of prospects of economic development of territories of municipal formations are revealed. The system of target indicators of strategic municipal development is offered. The problem of processing of household dust is considered as one of the essential projects in activity of municipalities. The following conclusion is made: use of strategic planning (the creation of the document of the public consent) and program (program-design) method will ensure complex development of territories of the municipalities and development of the relations of a civil society.

In the article, the different directions of Russia’s vector of economic growth for the period from 1991 until 2013 is noted, and factors determining its changing across time are revealed. The periodization of change of the vector of economic growth of the largest industrial region of the country — Ural (according to the all-Russian analogy) is emphasized. It is proved that the positive vector dynamics its development are defined by the possibility of carrying out new industrialization. The concept of new industrialization is offered the functional and catalytic type of its realization is allocated. «A regional institutional contour of new industrialization,» a new concept is introduced. System resources of its realization possible on the basis of innovative components are defined. Mechanisms of carrying out new industrialization are analyzed, and industrial policy as the most important of them is allocated. Taking into account the role change of the state importance increase of business structures, the strategic partnership of the state and business as the mechanism of industrial policy giving the stable and positive direction to the strategic vector of economic dynamics of the industrial region is proved.

The study is dedicated to the role of social capital in ensuring the competitiveness of the social and economic systems. The indicator of interpersonal trust is used as the important indicator of social capital. Trust and distrust are considered in the article as separate categories, the distrust and its role in the economic component of life in the regions and countries are considered. The theoretical provisions revealing the mechanisms of distrust influence on the economy and the competitiveness of economies are given. The article statistically examines the link of indicators of trust and distrust on the level of countries and Russian regions and the competitiveness of countries and Russian regions. The assessment of parameters of interpersonal trust / distrust at the level of regions of the Russian Federation and the country in general on the basis of the Public Opinion Foundation are provided. The calculations of the correlation between the scores of countries’ competitiveness and credibility of the countries on the basis of survey data from the European Social Survey (ESS), as well as the data of the World Economic Forum on the competitiveness of countries in 2008 and 2010 are also provided. Our empirical study confirmed the link between the low level of interpersonal trust and competitiveness of the Russian economy in general, and the state of the country’s institutions. At the same time, we fail to confirm the link between the indicators of interpersonal trust across regions and economic indicators. This may serve as a confirmation of the fact that regional communities have virtually no effect on the behavior and economic decisions of persons taking decisions in the regions. This can be explained by the lack of relationship between trust to the elites making decisions and their position due to the lack of selectivity of the first persons of regions and mechanisms of the real impact of the population on economic decision-making, as well the lack of mechanisms leading from the trust to the position of the elites. The results of the study can be used for development of policy for appointment / elections of governors, interaction between political elites and the society, in the theoretical studies.

As the budgets of the European Union (EU) become tighter, the questions about the effectiveness of EU’s expenditure, especially the most important parts such as Cohesion policy, are hotly debated. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the presence of social attitudes may influence the effectiveness of EU budget expenditure, measured by the level of regional inequalities. The analysis starts by focusing on individuals’ attitudes towards income from their own effort and income which is derived from other people’s effort, having in mind that individual actions depend on their attitudes. The next step establishes the link between the income from other people’s effort with the re-distributive dimension of the EU budget, considering that different attitudes among individuals in the EU could lead to significant differences in effectiveness of this redistributive policy among European regions and, consequently, diverse regional inequalities. Empirical research uses data for 27 EU countries observed over two waves of European Value Surveys: 1999-2000 (Wave 1) and 2008–2009 (Wave 2). The results indicate a significant role of social attitudes for regional inequalities, which raises the question of the appropriateness of simplification and uniform regional policy instruments in solving EU regional problems.

The debate about trends and changes is a topical issue today regarding the current financial and economic crisis. Hungary delimited seven NUTS-2 planning-statistical regions with the less developed Northern Great Plain region and the top ranking Western Transdanubia. The study deals with the developing path of spatial income inequalities with the methods of Hoover index and the logarithmic standard deviation. The decay and the growth of inequalities were significantly higher in the case of the underdeveloped territories. Developed areas faced a moderate increase concerning their inequalities and these microregions were able to attract new investments and restructure their economy.

The article provides a definition of the instability of the economic system and considers its causes. Designated requirements for the process of determining the spectrum of priorities in the context of sustainable economic growth. Scheduled policy imperatives of modernization of the Russian economy. The basic indicators of the Global Competitiveness Index and stage of development are considered. The basic requirements for sustainable economic growth in developing countries are allocated. The basic principles of scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of economic development in the region are presented. To correctly assess the effectiveness of the regional economic development, the conditionally interrelated and mutually complementary subsystems: the donor and acceptor are allocated. The essences of the donor and acceptor subsystems are revealed a definition of donor-acceptor bond is provided. The imperatives of the concept of performance evaluation of the economic development in the region are outlined. A method of evaluating the effectiveness of regional economic development is proposed. The valuation of efficiency of economic development of the Russian Federation, the Volga Federal District and the Volga Federal District is carried out. The definition of entropy development and spatial entropy is given. The analysis of spatial entropy development effectiveness of donor and acceptor subsystems and donor-acceptor bond Volga Feeral District is conducted.

Modern regional management needs special regional policy aimed at making the competitive potential of the region as a factor of its sustainable development. In this regard, the main task of this study is to base the nature, structure and destination of competitive potential for regional management, as well as the development of its grade methodology. It is proposed to consider the competitive potential of the region as a set of available resources, tools, and sources of various properties, which belong to the territory and which help to attract attention of aimed customers (investors, entrepreneurs, residents, tourists, etc.) at it, increase of the demand for some of its elements, which can be used in competition, making unique resources and capabilities into competitive advantages. Along with the traditional elements of the competitive potential of the region some elements were offered to include in its structure. Those elements show modern organizational and economic relations of the regional productive forces. The assessing technique of the competitive potential level of the region was developed. One of its most important areas of practical use the results are the organization of the formation potential monitoring for local, regional, and national governance.

In the article, the problem of development of oil and gas resources and consequence of this process for ecosystems of subarea of the northern subarctic tundra is considered in the example of the Yamal peninsula. These estimates of the main environment-forming and production (resource) functions of tundra natural and territorial complexes in a zone of active development of Bovanenkovsky oil-gas condensate field (OGCF) are presented. Recommendations for the integrated assessment of economic damage from the harm to subarctic ecosystems made by technogenic influence are introduced. The assessment of damage is based on the decrease in economic value of the natural capacity of the territory in the allocated ecological zones (troublesome zone of natural complexes), which development are defined by the stability of ecosystems and intensity of technogenic loadings. Results of an assessment of economic damage to conditions of development of Bovanenkovsky OGCF are given. Results of economic damage assessment for the development conditions of Bovanenkovsky OGCF are given.

The Brazilian government has recently confirmed the discovery of a huge oil and natural gas field in the pre-salt layer of the country’s southeastern coast. It has been said that the oil fields can boost Brazil’s oil production and turn the country into one of the largest oil producers in the world. The fields are spatially concentrated in the coastal areas of a few Brazilian states that may directly benefit from oil production. This paper uses an interregional computable general equilibrium model to assess the impacts of pre-salt on the economy of the State of Espírito Santo, a region already characterized by an economic base that is heavily reliant on natural resources. We focus our analysis on the structural economic impacts on the local economy.

The article describes the features of competitive potential of regional machine-building complex in a globalized world economy. The purpose of the research is the development of theoretically reasonable economic basis of the machine-building complex considering the features of business in the conditions of the WTO. In the work, the hypothesis of a special role of the external economic factors locates in development of the enterprises of regional industrial complexes. The study of the theoretical provisions defining the development of the region revealed the factors determining influence of the international trade agreements on spatial localization of the industry. The main attention is paid to an analytical assessment of the current state and the trends, which have developed in the period of post-crisis economic recovery. Analysis of the main indicators of attractiveness has revealed the weak position of local industrial enterprises in the WTO. The directions of strengthening of the competitive capacity of the local industrial enterprises are defined. The obtained results allow us to increase the sustainability of the industry by means of effective management mechanism improvements and to create favorable operating conditions of a machine-building complex of the region.

A public catering system is one of the most perspective fields of the Russian economy for the last years. However, the positive dynamics of this field development is featured with competition strengthening in the market. The research of the public catering domestic companies competitiveness gets a special urgency in the modern conditions of Russia active integration in the world economy. The purpose of this paper is the review of a current situation and the tendencies definition of public catering market development of Yekaterinburg. During the research, next methods have been used: gathering and analysis of secondary information, system analysis, comparison method, monographic method, and statistical method. In the paper, the analysis of public catering market development at federal, regional and local levels is presented. The basic problems are revealed, and further development directions of the field in Yekaterinburg are offered. Research has shown that public catering market development occurs within the limits of the all-Russian tendencies: decrease in expenses for food in public catering companies; non-uniform distribution of public catering companies to the city territories; high degree of services analogousness. Working out of further development of Yekaterinburg public catering is offered by using marketing.

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship of innovation and investment activity of Russian regions. On the basis of the statistical data, the system of indicators and designed complex indices of innovation and investment activity of regions are proved. The level of investment and innovative activity of regions in the last four years are analyzed, the basic tendencies and structural changes are revealed. The dependence between innovation and investment activity of regions is investigated. Based on the analysis, the map of the region’s position demonstrating the high level of differentiation of Russian regions in terms of both investment and innovation activity is developed. Also, the authors proposed a matrix distributing regions into four groups depending on the correlation between a level of innovation and investment activity, and recommendations on the selection of priority directions of economic policy for the subjects of the Russian Federation taking into account their current position are developed. The research results have practical significance and can be used to improve existing regional economic development programs for both individual regions and the country as a whole.

Based on the analysis of the main indicators of innovative development of the Russian Federation for 2006–2013, the most acute problems and risks impeding the transition economy of Russian regions to the innovative model are revealed. There are problems of a further narrowing of the science sector, the continued reduction of human scientific potential, extremely slow formation of innovation sector, in particular the small increase of the share of innovation active enterprises, as well as volumes of their new products. The article pays particular attention to the tasks of improving regional innovative policy aimed at creating of the conditions for the formation and expanded reproduction of full-cycle innovation, involvement the business sector in the innovation processes, and the correlation between the regions innovation and socio-economic policies.

The article is devoted to the features of the process of “developmental institutions” formation in the Siberian regions. The importance of the institutional environment and informal personalized connections affect its formation is articulated. The research is carried out according to the methodological base of public choice theory, especially — economics of bureaucracy, and the concept of D. North. Functional roles, which “developmental institutions” are performed in the Siberian regions, are disclosed: “affiliate” of the regional administration under its full organizational and financial control; “independent agent”, which expresses the interests of academic science and small innovative business; “subdivision” of federal innovative structure that promotes commercialization of innovations in the region; “conductor” of the federal level big business interests that favor large-scale projects realization in the region. As a result, different combinations of the elements of the institutional environment and informal personalized connections between subjects, who are involved in the process of “developmental institutions” formation in the Siberian regions, determine further success or “failure” of these organizational-economic structures.

Innovative economic development requires principally updated approach to the process of managers training, taking into account the increase in the complexity and scale of the problems that must be addressed to managers. The purpose of the work is to improve the methodological approach to the formation of the manager’s competence in the innovative economy. The paper analyzes the existing problems of managers’ education, the new paradigm of the educational process is substantiated. The need to strengthen the learning process in a multidisciplinary approach and the technical and economic training is shown. The model of manager professionalism representing interdisciplinary complex interdependent competencies is proved. Experimental testing of methods and technologies of an interdisciplinary approach to managers’ training in the organizational form of a research and educational center (REC «INZHEK», Ural Federal University) is demonstrated. Implementation of the results obtained by the authors will mainstream managers’ training in the context of real-world problems of industries modernization.

In the article, the ways of influence of corporate culture on innovative activity of staff of enterprises are considered. The authors understand the corporate culture of the enterprise as the system of cultural, moral, esthetic and other wealth, which is used and introduced in labor life of employees by employers and CEO. On the basis of this system, the enterprise norms and rules of the relations of workers, customs, traditions etc. are developed. The corporate culture of the enterprise is connected with the general culture of the people of the country, it reflects on this or that form, to some extent, but it can contradict it. In this case, the conflict of cultural values of the enterprise and workers is possible. In the article, much attention is paid to influence of corporate culture of Japanese corporations on innovative activity of their workers. It is shown that high innovative activity of the personnel is provided not with separate systems of material and moral incentive, but with all system of the labor relations built on the basis of corporate culture. In the center of corporate culture, there is a person, instead of goods and services. It can be found in such systems of work with staff as “lifelong hiring”, account system in a salary of “vital peaks” of employees, staff turnover, training at the workplace etc. The corporate culture of Toyota corporation is based on the business philosophy, according to which, the main socio-economic purpose is the ensuring the welfare of its employees and improvement of life of the population of the whole world. In the article is shown that in the conditions of transition of the Russian Federation to the market economy, there were basic changes in corporate culture of the enterprises. Market business-culture according to which the main thing for the enterprise is profit, and workers are only one of means of production, was included in a contradiction with a mentality of the Russian people, its cultural and moral wealth that caused mass opportunistic behavior of workers including their innovative passivity. At the same time, in the article is shown that in these conditions, the high innovative activity of employees of the Russian enterprises on the basis of introduction of stimulation system of innovative activity of employees “Innovation” is possible. In the article, the mechanism of the increase of innovative activity of staff of the enterprises on the basis of corporate culture is offered.

Research and the problem solution of management of innovative process at the enterprise (UIPP) demands the development of the dynamic economic-mathematical model considering the control action, uncontrolled parameters (risks, modeling errors, etc.) and deficit of information. At the same time, the existing approaches to the solution of similar problems are generally based on the static models and use the device of stochastic modeling, which requires knowledge of probabilistic characteristics of key parameters of the model and special conditions on realization of considered process. It is significant that the strict conditions are necessary for the use of the stochastic modeling, but in practice it is not possible. In the article, it is offered to use the determined approach for the modeling and solution of an initial problems in the form of dynamic problem of program minimax control (optimization of the guaranteed result) IPP on the set timepoint taking into account risks. At the same time, the risks in the system of UIPP are understood as the factors, which influence negatively or catastrophically on the results of the processes considered in the system. To solve the problem of minimax program control of IPP at risks, the method to implement the solutions of the final number of the problem of linear and convex mathematical programming and a problem of discrete optimization is offered. The offered method gives the chance to develop the effective numerical procedures allowing to realize computer modeling of dynamics considered problem, to create program minimax control of IPP, and to receive the optimum guaranteed result. The results presented in the article are based on the research [2, 3, 7-10] and can be used for economic-mathematical modeling and the solution of other problems of data forecasting process optimization and management at the deficit of information and at risks, and also for development of the corresponding software and hardware complexes to support of adoption of effective administrative decisions in practice. Economic-mathematical models of such problems are presented, for instance, in works [4-6].

Creation of voluntary regional economic alliances of independent countries was an important area of development of the regional and world economy at the end of XX-th century. They arise as a reaction on the dominance of the world’s few national currencies, playing a world level role. A basic feature characterizes trade relations in the framework of such alliances — a departure from the world’s currencies and the use of specially created regional ones. Practically the main obstacle to the emergence and spread of such unions is instability of regional currencies associated with their binding to one of the national currencies of the country — a member of the Union or to the gold standard. The article describes the theoretical solution and practical mechanism for creating independent of any national currency or gold, a supranational currency. The purchasing power of such a currency is determined by a specially created benchmark of purchasing power. It is demonstrated that the currency of this type allows using regional currencies without discrimination of member countries of the regional union. Also, there are given arguments about the prospect of using such currencies as the world’s.

Subject matter of the research is the economic cycles of the world, national, and regional economies. Purpose of the work is to show their close relationship with the cycles of solar activity. The author used the methods of correlation and graphical analysis. It relies on the objectivity of the methodology of industrial relations, namely, their dependence on the parameters of the magnetic field of the Earth. As a result, the article identified the following close relationship: 1. cycles of unemployment in the states of New York, Texas and California with the maxima and minima of solar activity; 2. changing the polarity of the magnetic fields of the sun and economic crises in the U.S.; 4. extrema of monthly Wolf numbers and cycles of world output; 5. long waves of the global product and solar activity. On this basis, the author made a forecast deterioration in the global conjuncture in 2014–2015 years. The results can be used in the predicting the dynamics of the world, national and regional economies.