The article is devoted to the extension of boundaries of scientific ideas about the economic nature of rent relations in mesoeconomics. The article develops theoretical ideas on both the impact of globalization on the rent economy and the localization of rent relations. In this regard, I research the relations between the concepts of «raw economy» and «rent economy». Moreover, I consider a number of methods of the influence of rent relations on the economic development. The type of the rents in the economy corresponds to the directions of the globalization of these rents and is interconnected with the specific types of rent relations. The article reveals functional patterns as well as the tendencies of modern rent relations in local economic space. Integrating the specified tendencies, I have determined the tasks of rent economy at the regional level. The localization of rent relations in the globalizing regional economy will reveal the best ways for the regional development. The increasing value of the rent in regional economy has allowed the author to define the factors, which are common for both the globalizing rents and localizing rents. As a result of the research, I determine the directions of the transformation of the rent relations at the level of the regional economy. Firstly, the specific concentration of rents, which arose and localize in the territory of a region, transforms in a territorial rent. Secondly, the forms of rent relations are modified in their geographical localization in the economic space of a region. The third group of tendencies is connected to the comprehensive nature of changes in the development of rents in the territory of a region. And the last direction consists in the objective limitations of the development of the rent relations in the regional economy.

Enhancing the role of entrepreneurship as an instrument of export diversification for sustainable development of the economy of the country and regions is a topical problem. The research is focused on the regional export potential including youth startups (small and medium enterprises, or SME), whose non-raw exports should increase by 1.5–2 times by 2020 according to the roadmap «Export» approved the Government of the Russian Federation The purpose of the article is to clarify theoretical and methodological foundations as well as to develop assessment methodology and appropriate recommendations on the enhancing the export potential of technology SME. As a hypothesis, we have suggested that there is a relationship between the regional export potential and the development of the start-up youth movement. The study used mathematical methods for processing statistical data, in particular, a correlation analysis of export statistics and start-up companies. The methodological tools were tested on the example of statistical data of 2016 for 39 regions of Russia. According to the correlation analysis, we have identified the direct moderate dependence between the specific weight of technologies export in the gross regional product (GRP) and the number of residents of business incubators in regions. In other words, the influence of the development of regional technology export on the number of existing startup companies is positive but moderate. This conclusion contributes to the solution of the task to ensure Russia’s status as a global technology leader by increasing a share of high-tech export, including SME and start-ups focused on export. The content analysis has shown that the emerging regional concepts and export development strategies give insufficient consideration to the export potential of SME. Therefore, we offer a set of measures to enhance this potential including organizational and coordination aspect of the export ecosystem. The results can serve as a guideline for developing mechanisms and instruments to promote the development of non-raw exports of technology SME to diversify the regional economy.