International links of China were intensified with the realization of policy of reforms. It becomes relevant to understand, how citizens of China cognize the world. The results of sociological surveys are given, carried out by the Chinese Academy of social sciences in the context of appreciating Russia by Chinese. Are discussed questions, how well do they know Russia, in comparison with other countries, how positive do they appreciate Russia, whether do they experience a positive sensation towards Russia, and, if yes, on what is this attitude grounded. Analogously is shown, why a part of respondents do not experience a positive sensation towards Russia. An attitude of Chinese towards prospects of Chinese-Russian relations is analyzed. The more positive attitude is expressed, the older respondents are. By and large, is made a conclusion about reliability of social base for development of relations between Russia and China, and about success and perspective of this development.