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Author's articles (2)
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#4 / 2020 Category: INNOVATIVE CAPACITY OF A REGIONThe study aims to develop a differentiate d approac h t o th e elaboratio n o f innovativ e developmen t strategie s o f Russian regions, which allows an effective implementation of innovative paradigms, considering the specificity of scientific and technical, innovative, and production and technological potential of regions. The analysis of international experience of innovative development illustrates the need to consider regional features when creating innovative strategies. We examined the dynamics of the innovative potential of Russian regions over the past decade. We hypothesise that an effective targeted innovative strategy of a region should be closely related to its socio-economic strategy, relying on the most relevant scientific, technological, and educational potential. We identified 4 main criteria for differentiating innovative strategies. These criteria application increases the effectiveness of innovation policies. These factors include the relationship of regional innovative strategies with relevant socio- economic strategies, the innovation and technological specialisation of the regions, regional needs for innovative transformations for the future, and forms of innovation activity. A comparative analysis of innovation and production capabilities and needs of Russian regions showed significant differences in the number of people employed in research and development, technological innovation costs, manufacturing output and other indicators. Based on the analysis, we identified top 15 regions, which are the most innovation-ready. The study used comparative analysis methods, economic and statistical methods, and forecasting methods. We proposed an algorithm for using a differentiated approach for strategizing regional innovative development. Finally, we concluded that a differentiated approach to the development and implementation of innovative development strategies allows improving the efficiency and targeting of state innovation policy through more efficient use of available resources and opportunities to strengthen the sustainability of regional communities. The article is intended for experts in the field of theory and practise of managing the innovative development of regions.
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#4 / 2021 Category: INNOVATIVE CAPACITY OF A REGIONAuthor Irina M. Golova,Russia’s transition to innovative development is required to ensure the sustainable competitive growth. At the same time, the share of the high-tech sector in innovation costs today is about 15 %. The study suggests ways to improve the system of innovation management in Russian regions. Analysis of modern theories on the organisation of regional innovation processes confirmed a hypothesis that innovation management should consider the regional innovation ecosystem as one of the key sustainable growth institutions. A proposed ecosystem approach states that regional innovation ecosystems in the context of globalisation depend on the coordinated goals of socio-economic and innovative development, differentiated approaches to their construction, sustainable flows of knowledge and technology, diversity and competition of participants. The research determined such priority directions of the state policy as the recognition of the lack of alternative to innovative development; creation of conditions for high-tech industries outside the established business structures; increase in budget research and development (R&D) expenditures; strengthening of self-organisation of science; stimulation of horizontal interactions between science and business. The presented differentiated approach to innovative strategies of Russian regions considers their production and technological specialisation, as well as the state of science and higher education. A described methodology for selecting the most promising regions for innovative transformations is based on a comparison of the values of the author’s indices for the development of scientific and educational space and high-tech industries. The calculations show that, in addition to Moscow, Moscow oblast and Saint Petersburg that are already at the centre of the country’s innovation system, regions occupying the first 10–15 positions in the constructed rating (Nizhny Novgorod, Sverdlovsk, Novosibirsk oblasts, Republic of Tatarstan, etc.) can also become local innovation centres. The obtained results can be used in the state innovation management of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.