In the article simulation models of the formation conditions of the nanotechnology diffusion as a basis for modernization of existing plants are proposed and tested. The poll of industrial enterprises managers in Sverdlovsk region has revealed latent demand for nanotechnology development; nanodevices, mastered by other companies; composite materials; technical systems, implementing new physical and chemical properties. As a result of modeling (based on Weidlich nonlinear models) there were identified the forces of the cooperative and antagonistic effects, direct and indirect influence of the pace and conditions of technology development at various levels. The model of nanotechnology promotion is also obtained and tested.

The questions related to the evaluation of industrial modernization possibilities of nanotechnology are reviewed in this paper, restrictive barriers are marked, the author's typology of levels of nanotechnological developments' interaction provided. The author shows models which formalize the diffusion of nanotechnology - a model of technological dynamics and a model of nanotechnologøñôä modernization. A large part of the paper is devoted to methodological approaches to the assessment of synergistic effects of nanotechnology, such as technological roadmaps, the analysis of external effects, optional theory and dynamic analysis of market structure. A new typology of interaction levels between nanotechnology and industrial operating systems, taking into account the direction and depth of their interaction, is suggested. Three types of functions of nanotechnological developments are highlighted: addition, substitution and field construction. A matrix of levels and types of interaction of nanotechnology to their functions is constructed and a model of interaction between nanotechnology and traditional technologies as well. The bases for evaluating the synergetic effect of nanotechnology are technological roadmaps, which possible scenarios are reflected in the modified inter-sectoral balance. Using roadmaps for evaluating the effects of nanotechnology will not only review the likely scenarios and their potential profitability, but also help to choose the optimal path in terms of resource cost and socio-economic, fiscal and environmental performance of nanotechnologies. Synergetic effects are conditioned by additional benefits or costs of socio-economic system due to changes in its structure, so the effects can be evaluated through positive or negative externalities. The synergistic effect of nanotechnology can be defined as the non-vicarious quantitative market effect for subjects who are not participating in the creation or consumption of nanotechnology. For the evaluation of synergistic effects of nanotechnology implementation, an optional theory can be used; in particular, such parameters as an option on the timing of the project, the option to reject the project, the option to carry out sequential investment, the option for the extension, the option to decline and the option to suspension can be used.

This paper substantiates the hypothesis of the special role of universities in creating an environment of innovational micro entrepreneurship in a region. The role of business incubators is allocated; the algorithm for selecting projects is described. The results of a three-year organizational and economic experiment (with the changing conditions) on the functioning of the student business incubator in the Ural State University are shown. Various models of the selection of ideas and projects for different cycles of incubation are implemented. A decision on the establishment of the Entrepreneurship Center in the Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship is made. The Center’s main task is to form a series of events to support continuous generation of students’ business ideas, finding resonant response with the University experts and representatives of business environment in the region. A student in the business incubation system plays a new role for a Russian university — a role of a catalyst, i.e., directly acts as an element of positive feedback in the innovational system. It is shown that the catalytic path of the establishment and development of small high-tech business — Science to Business (StB) — leads to the phenomenon of resonance, i.e., sustainable innovation flow generated by the business incubator of the University. The poll of the USU students in 2009-2011 (a sample from 660 to 854 respondents) confirmed their positive attitude towards entrepreneurship and allowed to estimate the structure of the factors that hamper to increase student participation in the innovational business. Three blocks of factors were identified: the reluctance to take risks, inaccessibility of material and financial resources and the turbulence of the environment. A system of monitoring students' attitudes towards entrepreneurship, which allows adjusting the curriculum and creating institutional conditions for activation of innovative entrepreneurship of the youth, is suggested.

The main purpose of the article is to validate the mathematical models describing the innovative response in the industrial regions. The article gives a deep analysis of trends in the development of the Russian industrial regions, puts forward and tests the following hypotheses: the hypothesis of uneven economic development of different types of industrial regions (regions, strengthening its industrial status, new industrial regions and regions of deindustrialization), the hypothesis of the development identity of certain types of industrial regions, the hypothesis of the catalytic role of the state in the dynamics of innovation, the hypothesis of the existence of the resonance innovation in the economic system. The authors propose the innovative resonance methodology, show the conditions for the resonance in the economic system, describe the types of resonant response. The main methods used are: resonance effects, reproductive techniques and methods of economic-mathematical modelling. In the paper, the authors propose a mathematical formalization of the innovative resonance mechanism in the regional industrial system, which includes: a) the development model of investment by industry and reproductive sectors; b) the dynamic diversified (multi-sectoral) model of reproduction; c) the model of the adaptive management of the innovative self-development of regional industrial system; d) the model of the stability of innovation dynamics and extended reproduction. The authors study the innovative response in the industrial regions of Russia. In the context of innovation resonance, the authors examined the functional industrial policies of a typical industrial region and the resonant responses associated with its implementation. The results of the study presented in the paper can be used in the justification of the mechanisms of the regional industrial policy, as well as for the assessment of the regulatory impact of the existing legal acts.